What Is a Cover Letter?
A cover letter is a brief, persuasive document that accompanies your resume when applying for a job. While your resume lists your qualifications, the cover letter tells the story behind them. It connects your experience to the specific needs of the employer and gives you an opportunity to demonstrate enthusiasm, communication skills, and cultural fit.
Standard Cover Letter Structure
Opening paragraph: State the position you are applying for and grab the reader's attention with a compelling hook, whether that is a notable achievement, a connection to the company, or a genuine expression of interest. Body paragraphs (one or two): Highlight two or three specific accomplishments that directly address the job requirements. Use concrete numbers and results whenever possible. Closing paragraph: Restate your interest, mention your availability, and include a clear call to action such as requesting an interview.
Tips for Writing an Effective Cover Letter
- Address it to a specific person whenever possible. "Dear Hiring Manager" is acceptable when you cannot find a name.
- Keep it under one page. Three to four paragraphs is the ideal length.
- Show, do not tell. Instead of saying you are a "hard worker," describe a project where you went above and beyond.
- Match the company's tone. A startup may appreciate a conversational style, while a law firm expects formality.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Repeating your resume line by line wastes the reader's time. Generic letters that could apply to any company signal a lack of genuine interest. Failing to proofread is an immediate red flag, especially for roles that require strong written communication.
